Efficient way to remove names of vector elements

Sometimes you must remove names of elements within a vector. The most classic way to do is to use unname() function. However, the use of as.numeric() or as.character() is more efficient if you know the content of the vector. In conclusion, to remove names, it is 5 times more rapid to use as.integer(), as.character(), as.numeric() or as.logical().

i <- c(Pi=pi)
system.time(for (j in 1:100000) k <- unname(i))
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.171       0.002       0.174 
system.time(for (j in 1:100000) k <- as.numeric(i))
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.030       0.000       0.029 
 
i <- c(Pi=3)
system.time(for (j in 1:100000) k <- unname(i))
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.169       0.003       0.174 
system.time(for (j in 1:100000) k <- as.integer(i))
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.028       0.000       0.028 
 
i <- c(Pi="pi")
system.time(for (j in 1:100000) k <- unname(i))
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.183       0.002       0.185 
system.time(for (j in 1:100000) k <- as.character(i))
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
       0.03        0.00        0.03 
 
i <- c(B=TRUE)
system.time(for (j in 1:100000) k <- unname(i))
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.157       0.002       0.159 
system.time(for (j in 1:100000) k <- as.logical(i))
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.035       0.001       0.034 

The situation is worst in R 4.2:

> system.time(for (j in 1:100000) {i <- c(Pi=pi); attributes(i)$names <- NULL})
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.069       0.001       0.070 
> system.time(for (j in 1:100000) {i <- c(Pi=pi); i <- as.numeric(i)})
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.044       0.001       0.044 
> system.time(for (j in 1:100000) {i <- c(Pi=pi); i <- unname(i)})
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.275       0.003       0.279 
> 0.279/0.044
[1] 6.34

unname() is 6 times slower than as.numeric()

If a vector is used, this is no more true:

> i <- rep(pi, 2000); names(i) <- paste0("P", 1:2000)
> system.time(for (j in 1:100000) {k <- i; attributes(k)$names <- NULL})
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.574       0.090       0.663 
> system.time(for (j in 1:100000) {k <- i; k <- unname(k)})
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.224       0.000       0.225 
> system.time(for (j in 1:100000) {k <- i; k <- as.numeric(k)})
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      0.943       0.222       1.168 
> system.time(for (j in 1:100000) {k <- i; k <- as.vector(k)})
utilisateur     système      écoulé 
      1.071       0.202       1.274 


Commentaires

Enregistrer un commentaire

Posts les plus consultés de ce blog

Standard error from Hessian Matrix... what can be done when problem occurs

An Hessian matrix is a square matrix of partial second order derivative. From the square-root of the inverse of the diagonal, it is possible to estimate the standard error of parameters. Let take an example: val=rnorm(100, mean=20, sd=5) # Return -ln L of values in val in Gaussian distribution with mean and sd in par fitnorm<-function(par, val) {   -sum(dnorm(val, par["mean"], par["sd"], log = TRUE)) } # Initial values for search p<-c(mean=20, sd=5) # fit the model result <- optim(par=p, fn=fitnorm, val=val, method="BFGS", hessian=TRUE) # Inverse the hessian matrix to get SE for each parameters mathessian <- result$hessian inversemathessian <- solve(mathessian) res <- sqrt(diag(inversemathessian)) # results data.frame(Mean=result$par, SE=res)   library(MASS) (r<-fitdistr(val, "normal")) It works well. However, the inverse of the matrix cannot be calculated if the second order derivative for some paramete
Lire la suite

stepAIC from package MASS with AICc

Due to a bug in dropterm() and addterm() in package MASS, it is impossible to use AICc with stepAIC() . Here is a solution. Enter these commands and now you can use: stepAIC(g0, criteria="AICc") or stepAIC(g0, criteria="BIC") For example: datax <- data.frame(y=rnorm(100), x1=rnorm(100),                     x2=rnorm(100), x3=rnorm(100), x4=rnorm(100)) g0 <- glm(y ~ x1+x2+x3+x4, data=datax) gx_AICc <- stepAIC(g0, criteria="AICc") gx_AIC <- stepAIC(g0, criteria="AIC") gx_AIC <- stepAIC(g0, criteria="BIC")
Lire la suite

Install treemix in ubuntu 20.04

Informations are available here  https://bitbucket.org/nygcresearch/treemix/downloads/ In terminal, enter for  Ubuntu 20.04: wget https://bitbucket.org/nygcresearch/treemix/downloads/treemix-1.13.tar.gz tar -xvf treemix-1.13.tar.gz sudo apt-get install libgsl-dev sudo apt install libboost-dev sudo apt install libboost-all-dev cd treemix-1.13/ ./configure make sudo make install And it works: $ treemix TreeMix v. 1.13 $Revision: 231 $ Options: -h display this help -i [file name] input file -o [stem] output stem (will be [stem].treeout.gz, [stem].cov.gz, [stem].modelcov.gz) -k [int] number of SNPs per block for estimation of covariance matrix (1) -global Do a round of global rearrangements after adding all populations -tf [file name] Read the tree topology from a file, rather than estimating it -m [int] number of migration edges to add (0) -root [string] comma-delimited list of populations to set on one side of the root (for migration) -g [vertices file name] [edges file name] read the g
Lire la suite