[0-9] or \d or [:digit:] in grep

If you want search for a number using grep, you have 4 options:
[0123456789] or [0-9] or \d or [:digit:]

Here is a comparison:
library(microbenchmark)

 microbenchmark({grep(pattern="[0123456789][0123456789][0123456789][0123456789]", "Ussiosuus8980JJDUD98")}, 
               {grep(pattern="[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]", "Ussiosuus8980JJDUD98")}, 
               {grep(pattern="[[:digit:]][[:digit:]][[:digit:]][[:digit:]]", "Ussiosuus8980JJDUD98")}, 
               {grep(pattern="\\d\\d\\d\\d", "Ussiosuus8980JJDUD98")}, times = 1000L)

    min      lq      mean  median      uq    max neval  cld
 21.729 22.1840 22.887585 22.3090 22.4645 64.542  1000    d
  5.219  5.3740  5.696937  5.4665  5.8495 47.618  1000 a   
  9.778 10.0425 10.482301 10.1470 10.5400 25.602  1000  b  
 10.296 10.5000 11.099359 10.6360 11.0440 39.759  1000   c 

Clearly the solution [0-9] is the best

This is the same for letters:

microbenchmark({grep(pattern="[ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ][ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ][ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ][ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ]", "Ussiosuus8980JJDUD98")}, 
               {grep(pattern="[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z][A-Z]", "Ussiosuus8980JJDUD98")}, 
               {grep(pattern="[[:upper:]][[:upper:]][[:upper:]][[:upper:]]", "Ussiosuus8980JJDUD98")}, 
               times = 1000L)

    min      lq      mean  median      uq     max neval cld
 72.475 74.2315 80.536616 79.0655 79.7905 251.430  1000   c
  5.150  6.3040  7.304987  6.8855  7.5765  96.529  1000 a  
 13.637 14.7285 16.466666 16.0080 17.1880  78.308  1000  b 

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