Do the next 365 days include a 29 February or not ? Can be used also for: Is the year bissextile or not?

A year is bissextile if it has 366 days. Years that can be divided by 4 are bissextiles except for secular years (ends by 00) except each 400 years.

 If you have a date in dt variable, just do ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366). 
It will tell you if  among the 12 months after this date, you had a 29 February:

> dt <- as.Date("2005-01-01")
> ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366)
[1] 365
> dt <- as.Date("2008-01-01")
> ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366)
[1] 366
> dt <- as.Date("2000-01-01")
> ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366)
[1] 366
> dt <- as.Date("1900-01-01")
> ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366)
[1] 365
> dt <- as.Date("1999-07-01")
> ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366)
[1] 366
> dt <- as.Date("1999-07-20")
> ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366)
[1] 366
> dt <- as.Date("2000-02-29")
> ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366)
[1] 366
> dt <- as.Date("1999-02-28")
> ifelse(as.POSIXlt(dt+365)$mday==as.POSIXlt(dt)$mday, 365, 366)
[1] 365

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